ICD-10 Codes for Mental Health: F01–F99

Every behavioral health claim in the United States carries at least one ICD-10-CM diagnosis code, and nearly all of them come from one chapter: Chapter 5, Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental disorders (F01–F99). This directory covers all eleven F-code blocks, the substance use disorder code families in depth, the Official Guidelines rules that decide between competing codes, and the non-F codes behavioral health facilities bill every week — with deep-dive guides for each code family.

All codes and titles on this page are verified against the FY2026 ICD-10-CM code set (effective October 1, 2025), published by CDC/NCHS ↗ and CMS ↗. Coding rules cite the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, FY2026 ↗.

How ICD-10-CM codes work in behavioral health

ICD-10-CM is the U.S. clinical modification of the World Health Organization’s ICD-10, maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics. It is the HIPAA-mandated code set for reporting diagnoses on claims — which makes it the language every payer, clearinghouse, and auditor reads, regardless of what the clinical note says.

Every code is built the same way:

Two structural rules drive most coding errors in behavioral health:

Chapter 5 spans F01–F99 and is organized into eleven blocks by disorder type. The next section maps all of them.

• A code is only billable at its full character length. Category and subcategory entries like F10, F10.2, and F10.23 are headers, not codes — a claim carrying one will be rejected for specificity. The tabular list marks which entries are valid for submission.
• The code set changes every October 1. Each federal fiscal year brings additions, deletions, and revised titles (with an occasional April 1 mid-year update). A charge master or EHR favorites list that nobody has re-validated since implementation is a denial generator.

Full F-code block directory

The table below is the complete block map of ICD-10-CM Chapter 5, with the codes behavioral health facilities bill most inside each block and where to go for the deep guide.

A few routing notes, block by block:

• F01–F09 capture psychiatric presentations caused by a documented medical condition — the etiology code from outside Chapter 5 is sequenced first per the tabular’s “code first” instructions. The most common BH-facility scenario, depressive disorder due to a medical condition (F06.31/F06.32), has a dedicated guide, and cognitive presentations are covered in our mild cognitive impairment guide.
• F30–F39 is the highest-volume block in outpatient mental health. Beyond the directory guide, we cover the full F32/F33 depression family, the two most-billed single codes F33.1 and F33.2, the “other depression” code F32.89, depression with psychotic features, and bipolar disorder (F31.x).
• F40–F48 also holds trauma- and stressor-related disorders: see our PTSD guide (F43.10–F43.12), adjustment disorder codes (F43.2x), and OCD (F42.x).
• F90–F98 covers the child/adolescent caseload: ADHD, conduct disorder (F91.x), and enuresis (F98.0).
• F50–F59 is where eating disorder programs live, but it also holds the insomnia and other sleep disorder codes (F51.x) that show up constantly as secondary diagnoses in SUD and mood-disorder treatment — co-occurring insomnia documented during residential care is codeable and helps tell the acuity story.
• F60–F69 personality disorder codes are clinically common but carry billing friction: many payer policies treat a standalone personality disorder diagnosis differently from an Axis-style co-occurring presentation, so most facilities bill F60.3 (borderline personality disorder) alongside the mood, trauma, or substance diagnosis being actively treated rather than alone.
• F99 is a real, billable code — mental disorder, not otherwise specified — but the least specific in the chapter. Use it only when nothing more specific is documented, and expect payer scrutiny when it appears on claims.

Substance use disorder codes (F10–F19): the core of addiction treatment billing

For addiction treatment facilities, one block does most of the work. F10–F19 assigns each substance class its own three-character category, and every category follows the same internal grammar — learn it once and you can read all ten families:

The 5th and 6th characters then add the clinical specifier: uncomplicated, in remission, with intoxication, with withdrawal, or with a substance-induced disorder (mood, psychotic, anxiety, sleep, and others — the exact menu varies by substance). For example, F10.20 is alcohol dependence, uncomplicated; F10.231 is alcohol dependence with withdrawal delirium; F11.21 is opioid dependence, in remission.

Each family has a complete FY2026 code table, documentation guidance, and billing notes in its own guide:

Two family-level details matter before you ever pick a specifier. First, F17 breaks the pattern: it has no abuse stem — nicotine codes start at dependence (F17.2-) and subdivide by product (F17.210, nicotine dependence, cigarettes, uncomplicated). Second, F19 is the catch-all for substances without their own category and for polysubstance documentation that doesn’t resolve to a single class — which makes it both useful and easy to overuse.

For background reading on how these codes on real claims, see our guide to ICD-10 codes in addiction treatment billing.

• F10 — alcohol-related disorders
• F11 — opioid-related disorders
• F12 — cannabis-related disorders
• F13 — sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic-related disorders
• F14 — cocaine-related disorders
• F15 — other stimulant-related disorders (methamphetamine, amphetamines)
• F16 — hallucinogen-related disorders
• F17 — nicotine dependence
• F18 — inhalant-related disorders
• F19 — other psychoactive substance-related disorders

The Official Guidelines rules every BH coder must know

The ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting ↗ are part of the HIPAA code set — following them is not optional, and Section I.C.5 (Chapter 5) contains the rules that decide most behavioral health coding disputes. Paraphrased:

None of the directory pages on this site substitute for the Guidelines themselves — when a payer dispute turns on a coding rule, cite the current-year PDF.

• The use–abuse–dependence hierarchy. When provider documentation refers to use, abuse, and dependence of the same substance, assign only one code, at the highest level documented: use + abuse → code abuse; abuse + dependence → code dependence; use + dependence (or all three) → code dependence. Never report two stems of the same family on one claim.
• Remission is a provider-documentation call. Codes for abuse in remission (F1x.11) and dependence in remission (F1x.21) require the provider’s clinical judgment, documented in the record. DSM-5-TR “early remission” and “sustained remission” specifiers map into these codes — mild SUD in remission to F1x.11, moderate/severe to F1x.21 — but a coder cannot infer remission from time sober alone.
• “Unspecified use” codes are barely reportable. The F1x.9- codes are assigned only when the substance use is documented as associated with a physical, mental, or behavioral disorder — and the provider has documented that relationship. A social-history mention of drinking or cannabis use, by itself, is not codeable.
• Code only what meets the reporting definition. Substance use, abuse, and dependence codes require the provider’s diagnostic statement; psychoactive substance codes should be reported only when relevant to the encounter.
• Sequencing follows the reason for the encounter. The principal (inpatient) or first-listed (outpatient) diagnosis is the condition chiefly responsible for the admission or visit, per Sections II and IV of the Guidelines. In a detox or residential SUD stay, that is normally the substance dependence code being treated; comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions are coded additionally, and “code first” notes in the tabular (for example, the physiological-condition codes in F01–F09) can override default ordering.

DSM-5-TR vs ICD-10-CM: diagnose in one, bill in the other

Clinicians in U.S. behavioral health work in two systems at once. DSM-5-TR, published by the American Psychiatric Association, defines the diagnostic criteria — the symptom thresholds, durations, and exclusions that justify a diagnosis. ICD-10-CM is the code set HIPAA requires on the claim. DSM-5-TR itself lists the corresponding ICD-10-CM code next to each diagnosis, so for most conditions the crosswalk is printed on the page the clinician is already reading.

The mapping is mostly clean, with known friction points:

The operational risk lives in the gap: a note written in DSM language (“moderate alcohol use disorder ”) that a biller translates incorrectly (“F10.10”) produces a claim that contradicts its own chart. Train documentation and code selection together, and audit the crosswalk on your top twenty diagnoses. DSM-5-TR criteria are APA-copyrighted and are not reproduced anywhere in this directory — these pages describe coding mechanics, not diagnostic thresholds.

Non-F codes you’ll bill in behavioral health

Chapter 5 doesn’t cover everything a behavioral health facility documents. Four groups of codes from other chapters show up constantly:

The two highest-stakes scenarios have dedicated guides: suicidal ideation and suicide attempt coding — R45.851 vs. T14.91X- and how intentional-self-harm coding interacts with the psychiatric diagnosis — are covered in our suicide attempt and suicidal ideation guide and the R45.851 deep dive; altered mental status, and when R41.82 is the wrong answer, is covered in the change in mental status guide.

Z codes deserve more respect than they get in behavioral health: they document the psychosocial context that medical-necessity reviewers look for, and they cost nothing to report when supported by the record.

ICD-10 codes, medical necessity, and getting claims paid

For a behavioral health facility, the diagnosis code isn’t trivia — it’s the anchor of medical necessity. Payers evaluate whether the diagnosis supports the billed level of care: the ICD-10-CM code on the claim has to make the service code’s story plausible.

The recurring failure patterns are predictable: an abuse-stem code (F1x.10) under a residential claim, a remission code (F1x.21) on a continued-stay request without step-down rationale, and unspecified codes (F41.9, F32.9, F19.9-) where the payer’s policy demands specificity. Authorization criteria typically track multidimensional assessment frameworks alongside the diagnosis — see ASAM criteria and payer authorization — and the treatment plan must trace back to the coded diagnosis, covered in our treatment plan guide.

A fictional example, for illustration only: a residential SUD program admits a client with documented severe opioid use disorder and bills H0018 with F11.10 (opioid abuse, uncomplicated) because the intake coordinator copied last quarter’s favorites list. The payer’s first-pass edit doesn’t reject it — but at concurrent review, the abuse-level code can’t support a dependence-level placement, the continued stay is denied, and the appeal succeeds only after the record is re-coded to F11.20 with a corrected claim. Nothing clinical went wrong; the code told the wrong story.

Because the code set changes every October 1, claims systems also need an annual scrub: codes deleted or re-titled at the fiscal-year rollover will deny cleanly and silently. For the end-to-end revenue cycle view — eligibility, claims, denials, appeals — see behavioral health RCM, and our guide to denial codes in addiction treatment billing for reading what comes back when the diagnosis-to-service pairing fails.

On the platform side, carries the FY-current ICD-10-CM code set and scrubs claims pre-submission, and your clearinghouse adds a second scrubbing pass; expanded payer-rule scrubbing on the side is on our roadmap.

Complete directory of our ICD-10 guides

Everything in the franchise, in one list.

Substance use disorders (F10–F19): F10 alcohol, F11 opioids, F12 cannabis, F13 sedatives, F14 cocaine, F15 stimulants, F16 hallucinogens, F17 nicotine, F18 inhalants, F19 other psychoactive substances

Mood and depressive disorders: mood disorders F30–F39 overview, depression F32/F33 family guide, F33.1, F33.2, F32.89 and other depression codes, depression with psychotic features, depression due to a medical condition (F06.3x), bipolar disorder F31.x, plus depression treatment planning

Anxiety, trauma, and OCD: anxiety codes F41.9/F41.1, the anxiety coding & treatment-planning ultimate guide, anxiety treatment plans with ICD-10 codes, PTSD F43.1x, adjustment disorder F43.2x, OCD F42.x

Psychotic, eating, and personality-adjacent disorders: schizophrenia F20.x, anorexia and eating disorders F50.x, high-risk sexual behavior

Childhood and adolescent onset: ADHD F90.x, conduct disorder F91.x, enuresis F98.0

Crisis and symptom codes: suicide attempt & suicidal ideation, R45.851 suicidal ideation, change in mental status (R41.82), mild cognitive impairment

Quick reference: the printable ICD-10 mental health cheat sheet, the ICD-10 codes glossary definition, and ICD-10 in addiction treatment billing

How this directory stays current

ICD-10-CM is a moving target: every October 1, NCHS and CMS publish a new fiscal-year code set with additions, deletions, and revised code titles, plus the updated Official Guidelines. Every code and title in this directory — on this hub and on every family and code page — is verified against the FY2026 tabular list (effective October 1, 2025 – September 30, 2026), and the whole directory is re-reviewed at each annual rollover. Pages carry a “last reviewed” date, and fiscal-year changes that affect behavioral health coding are noted on the affected pages rather than silently rewritten — so if a code you billed last year disappears or changes meaning, the page will say so.

Codes verified against the FY2026 ICD-10-CM tabular list (effective October 1, 2025 – September 30, 2026). This directory is reviewed against each annual ICD-10-CM update.

The code is only step one — the claim it anchors still has to survive eligibility, authorization, and adjudication. ’s EHR takes behavioral health organizations from diagnosis to claim in one platform, with billing and RCM built for addiction treatment and mental health — request a demo.

Reference tables

Common questions

Official sources

• CDC/NCHScdc.gov
• CMScms.gov
• ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, FY2026ftp.cdc.gov